Deception Point Page 41

Making the seething stream of air considerably all the more alarming to Tolland was the slight downwind grade of the ice rack. The ice was slanted marginally toward the sea, two miles away. Regardless of the sharp spikes on the Pitbull Rapido crampons connected to his boots, Tolland had the uncomfortable inclination that any slip up might leave him made up for lost time in a storm and sliding down the perpetual frigid slant. Norah Mangor's two-minute course in icy mass wellbeing presently appeared to be hazardously deficient. Piranha Ice hatchet, Norah had stated, securing a lightweight T-formed device to every one of their belts as they prepared in the habisphere. Standard cutting edge, banana sharp edge, semitubular edge, sledge, and adze. All you have to recall is, in the event that anybody slips or becomes involved with a blast, snatch your hatchet with one hand on the head and one on the pole, slam the banana sharp edge into the ice, and fall on it, planting your crampons. With those expressions of confirmation, Norah Mangor had joined YAK belay saddles to every one of them. They all wore goggles, and took off into the evening murkiness. Presently, the four figures advanced down the ice sheet in an orderly fashion with ten yards of belay rope isolating every one of them. Norah was in the number one spot position, trailed by Corky, at that point Rachel, and Tolland as stay. As they moved farther away from the habisphere, Tolland felt a developing anxiety. In his expanded suit, albeit warm, he felt like an ungraceful space explorer trekking over a removed planet. The moon had vanished behind thick, surging tempest mists, diving the ice sheet into an invulnerable obscurity. The katabatic breeze appeared to get more grounded continuously, applying a steady strain to Tolland's back. As his eyes stressed through his goggles to make out the far reaching void around them, he started to see a genuine threat in this spot. Excess NASA security safety measures or not, Tolland was amazed the head had been happy to chance four lives over here rather than two. Particularly when the extra two lives were that of a congressperson's girl and a popular astrophysicist. Tolland was not astounded to feel a defensive worry for Rachel and Corky. As somebody who had captained a boat, he was accustomed to feeling answerable for everyone around him. â€Å"Stay behind me,† Norah yelled, her voice gulped by the breeze. â€Å"Let the sled lead the way.† The aluminum sled on which Norah was shipping her testing gear took after a larger than usual Flexible Flyer. The art was prepacked with symptomatic rigging and wellbeing frill she'd been utilizing on the icy mass in the course of recent days. Every last bit of her apparatus including a battery pack, wellbeing flares, and a ground-breaking front-mounted spotlight-was bound under a made sure about, plastic covering. Notwithstanding the overwhelming burden, the sled coasted easily on long, straight sprinters. Indeed, even on the practically impalpable grade, the sled moved downhill voluntarily, and Norah applied a delicate restriction, as though permitting the sled to lead the way. Detecting the separation developing between the gathering and the habisphere, Tolland investigated his shoulder. Just fifty yards away, the pale arch of the vault had everything except vanished in the swirling obscurity. â€Å"You at all stressed over finding our direction back?† Tolland shouted. â€Å"The habisphere is nearly invisi-† His words were stopped by the boisterous murmur of a flare touching off in Norah's grasp. The abrupt red-white sparkle lit up the ice rack in a ten-yard span surrounding them. Norah utilized her heel to delve a little impression in the surface day off, up a defensive edge on the upwind side of the gap. At that point she smashed the flare into the space. â€Å"High-tech bread crumbs,† Norah yelled. â€Å"Bread crumbs?† Rachel asked, protecting her eyes from the unexpected light. â€Å"Hansel and Gretel,† Norah yelled. â€Å"These flares will most recent 60 minutes a lot of time to discover our direction back.† With that, Norah took off once more, driving them down the icy mass into the murkiness indeed. 47 Gabrielle Ashe raged out of Marjorie Tench's office and for all intents and purposes thumped over a secretary in doing as such. Embarrassed, all Gabrielle could see were the photos pictures arms and legs interlaced. Countenances loaded up with rapture. Gabrielle had no clue about how the photographs had been taken, yet she realized damn well they were genuine. They had been taken in Senator Sexton's office and appeared to have been shot from above as though by concealed camera. Lord have mercy on me. One of the photographs indicated Gabrielle and Sexton engaging in sexual relations straightforwardly on the representative's work area, their bodies spread over a disperse of authentic looking reports. Marjorie Tench found Gabrielle outside the Map Room. Tench was conveying the red envelope of photographs. â€Å"I accept from your response that you accept these photographs are authentic?† The President's senior counselor really seemed as though she was making some acceptable memories. â€Å"I'm trusting they convince you that our other information is exact too. They originated from the equivalent source.† Gabrielle felt her whole body flushing as she walked a few doors down. Where the hellfire is the exit? Tench's lanky legs experienced no difficulty keeping up. â€Å"Senator Sexton promised to the world that both of you are dispassionate partners. His broadcast proclamation was very convincing.† Tench motioned pompously behind her. â€Å"In reality, I have a tape in my office on the off chance that you'd prefer to invigorate your memory?† Gabrielle required no boost. She recollected the public interview very well. Sexton's disavowal was as determined as it was genuine. â€Å"It's unfortunate,† Tench stated, sounding not in any manner frustrated, â€Å"but Senator Sexton looked at the American individuals in the eye and told an obvious deception. The general population has an option to know. What's more, they will know. I'll make sure by and by. The main inquiry currently is the means by which the open discovers. We trust it's best originating from you.† Gabrielle was staggered. â€Å"You truly believe I'm going to help lynch my own candidate?† Tench's face solidified. â€Å"I am attempting to take the high ground here, Gabrielle. I'm allowing you to spare everybody a great deal of humiliation by holding your head high and coming clean. All I need is a marked articulation conceding your affair.† Gabrielle held back. â€Å"What!† â€Å"Of course. A marked articulation gives us the influence we have to manage the representative unobtrusively, saving the nation this appalling wreckage. My offer is straightforward: Sign an announcement for me, and these photographs never need to see the light of day.† â€Å"You need a statement?† â€Å"Technically, I would require a sworn statement, however we have a legal official here in the structure who could-â€Å" â€Å"You're crazy.† Gabrielle was strolling once more. Tench remained next to her, sounding increasingly irate at this point. â€Å"Senator Sexton is going down somehow, Gabrielle, and I'm offering you an opportunity to escape this without seeing your own stripped ass in the first part of the day paper! The President is a not too bad man and doesn't need these photographs broadcasted. In the event that you simply give me an oath and admit to the issue on your own terms, at that point we all can hold a little dignity.† â€Å"I'm not for sale.† â€Å"Well, your applicant absolutely is. He's a risky man, and he's breaking the law.† â€Å"He's overstepping the law? You're the ones breaking into workplaces and taking illicit reconnaissance pictures! Have you ever known about Watergate?† â€Å"We had nothing to do with social affair this soil. These photographs originated from a similar source as the SFF crusade financing data. Somebody's been watching both of you very closely.† Gabrielle tore past the security work area where she had gotten her security identification. She ripped off the identification and hurled it to the wide-looked at monitor. Tench was still on her tail. â€Å"You'll need to choose quick, Ms. Ashe,† Tench said as they approached the exit. â€Å"Either present to me a testimony conceding you laid down with the representative, or at eight o'clock today, the president will be compelled to open up to the world about everything-Sexton's money related dealings, the photographs of you, the works. Also, trust me, when the open sees that you sat around and let Sexton lie about your relationship, you'll go down on fire directly close to him.†

Report Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Report - Assignment Example aster has full opportunity to take choice or activities, it very well may be effortlessly shaped as no legitimate custom is required, sole dealers is the main lawful substance of this business structure, no lawful limitations for sole brokers separated from setting up a specific sort of business, and the coherence of this structure depends on life, great wellbeing or passing of the proprietor. A sole owner is subject for the entirety of the obligations, and even has risk in record of any wounds caused because of business. The benefit is held totally by the sole proprietor. The sole owner pays personal assessment on the all out business pay. It is the most straightforward structure to set up a business however requires legitimate desk work for neighborhood licenses for an appropriate state, and if the proprietor sets up the business in somebody else’s name it than requires a permit to operate. The primary impediments of such a structure is constrained money related assets, rest ricted administrative capacity, vulnerability in coherence of the business, boundless obligation makes the individual properties of the proprietor in danger, and isn't appropriate for huge scope business (Cross, 1928). General organization is a type of association where the colleague has boundless obligation. The accomplices have boundless individual liabilities and are at risk and can be sued for any organization commitments. The benefits are passed from isolated among the accomplices as indicated by understanding with no limitation. The accomplices have equivalent position and rights in making any administrative choice or move. Disintegration of association happens when the relationship of the accomplices gets ended because of different reasons, for example, passing, chapter 11 or ejection of an accomplice, which shows inconceivability to lead such organization business. The comfort is that it requires low volumes and modest administrative work for enlistment, however the weight of extra assets at less expensive value despite everything stays even that the quantity of financial specialists is more in this structure. The primary bit of leeway is that it can expand the measure of assets

31 Poets Recommend 31 Poetry Books to Read in August Critical Linking, August 2, 2019

31 Poets Recommend 31 Poetry Books to Read in August Critical Linking, August 2, 2019 Critical Linking, a daily roundup of the most interesting bookish links from around the web, sponsored by David Baldaccis One Good Deed. The Sealey Challenge was, initially, just a conscious effort to return to the habit of reading poetry, says Sealey, who has since stepped down as ED of Cave Canem. I posted across social media to ask if anyone wanted to join me in reading a book a day in August. Folks did, and the challenge caught on. Now, it’s in its third year. Now it’s tradition. Sealey is no stranger to building communityâ€"Cave Canem’s programming is all about creating a legacy of Black poetry through workshops, mentorship, readings, and support. So it’s no wonder the challenge has caught on like wildfire. Both poets and poetry readers alike use the hashtag #TheSealeyChallenge and post photos of the books they’re reading during the month, creating a storm of poetry on social media. The author of this piece legit slipped into the DMs of each of these poets to get their recommendations. Mad props for those efforts! Now go read some poetry. I spent a lot of time, over the next several days, smiling while tearing up. I tried to reply to everyone; I hope I did. So many peopleâ€"strangersâ€"told me they’d never previously spoken with anyone about being bisexual. I tried to cause no harm: Thank you for telling me this, Id say. I’m not a therapist, I have no training, but here are places where there are people trained to talk, and listen. You’ve helped me feel less alone, they said. I felt less alone, too. I wished I’d started talking about this part of my life a lot earlier than I had. All the bravery kudos to R.O. Kwon and anyone else sharing their truths to empower others. My book, The Library: A Catalogue of Wonders, began as an essay on writers’ libraries but quickly grew to encompass public and fictional ones as well. Ancient, modern and imaginary libraries have all accumulated compelling and irresistible stories. Mysterious filaments connect fictional libraries to each other, and to real libraries. Here are my favourites. Im almost ashamed admit how much time I spent pondering what my favorite fictional libraries might be. Almost. Sign up to Today In Books to receive  daily news and miscellany from the world of books. Thank you for signing up! Keep an eye on your inbox.

Pollution In Our Ocean - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2103 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2019/04/15 Category Ecology Essay Level High school Tags: Air Pollution Essay Pollution Essay Did you like this example? In the last ten years, there have been many changes when it comes to recycling and different types of techniques of how to properly dispose of trash. There are many different types of landfills and recycling centers. Ten years ago, when humans would dispose of something that they were done with, it went in the trash and that was the end of it. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Pollution In Our Ocean" essay for you Create order On top of that, it was all filtering into the oceans and causing the animals to ingest the trash, and consequently die. I will be discussing what types of animals were affected the most during these last ten years and how we have changed how we dispose of our trash. Researchers have found ways to reuse certain materials that are in the things we dispose of. Many people are still trying to find ways that we can reduce the amount of trash we are creating by finding ways to reuse what we consider trash. The last thing that they have figured out is how to recycle our waste. The dictionary defines recycling as, to treat or process (used or waste materials) so as to make suitable for reuse, and with this process, we are slowly creating less and less waste that is being filtered into the oceans. Another thing that has become problematic within the oceans is just pollution in general. If one was to define pollution they would say, the introduction of harmful substances or products into the environment and this is not just referring to what is in our oceans. This could mean what is being released into the air we breathe, could eventually be transported to the oceans and cause harm on the species within the water. I will talk about the specifics of how exactly pollution is harmful to our oceans and the world. I will also speak on what changes we can make or continue to do to keep our oceans clean and free of any type of waste or debris. Talking about the oceans and how they have changed over the last ten years can be a very contradicting topic to talk about. Some people may agree that it has changed for the better and some will say that there has not been any changes at all. After doing extensive research on the topic I have determined that there has been a change. As humans we have always been taught to throw trash in the trash but more recently we have learned that some of our trash can be reused. By reusing some of what we believe is waste, we are save at least one animal from coming in contact with the harmful chemicals that are in plastic, aluminum, and any other substance. On top of that, some of the food we eat or the things we drink have chemicals in them that may be harmful to animals so throwing it in the trash may cause harm on an animal. In conclusion, humans should be more aware of what they are throwing in the trash and what they are sending to be recycled. We also need to understand the importance of our oceans, and just make a good habit turn into second nature, so we as mankind can continue to thrive and survive while still maintaining what resources we have. Pollution in our oceans is a problematic issue in our world today, and a topic that should be discussed. The underlying issue is that now, it is directly harming marine life and indirectly affecting human health and the Earths many valuable resources. Ocean, or marine pollution is a very vague term that refers to any and all foreign substances that enter our oceans, whether on purpose or not. There are numerous form of ocean pollution that range from dumping and oil spills to our own negligence and littering. The ocean covers 75% of our Earth, produces half of the oxygen in our atmosphere holds 97% of Earths water. This makes our ocean an obviously vital resource to our existence, it is easy to abuse, however, it is our duty as humans to educate ourselves on the matter. Its way easier to think that were all fine, until were not. This issue cannot can get any worse. It is estimated that around one hundred thousand sea mammals die annually from marine pollution. There are over 700 mil lion gallons of oil that is spilled into our ocean, annually. Most of that actually comes from our lakes rivers, only some accounted actually are from oil rigs and tanker accidents. Some small steps have been taken to resolve, such as stricter regulations on dumping. Ocean dumping is just ridding of garbage, waste, sewage, and debris, into our waters. The main source of ocean dumping is sewage sludge, which is caused by cross contamination between storm drains and sewage pipes, flooded by heavy rainfall. Farms use toxins; fertilizers, pesticides, chemicals, that contaminate water sources close (rivers, lakes), and are carried into oceans. This process is how most dead zones are created. In the Gulf of Mexico, theres a dead zone in the Gulf of Mexico, thats the size of New Jersey. Dead zones are areas in bodies of water that are low-oxygen and caused by excessive nutrient pollution from human activities coupled with other factors that deplete the oxygen required to support most marine life in bottom and near-bottom water (NOAA 2012). Dead zones, are not to be confused with garbage islands though, they both are found all around the world in our oceans, however, dead zones are smaller in scale. The Gulf of Mexico has the biggest dead zone, but is nothing in comparison to the sizes of garbage islands. Dead zones can also form naturally, while garbage islands are composed of all our garbage, and is our own fault. Dead zones that form naturally, are just very low in oxygen, too low to sustain all the life around it. This, subsequently, forces marine life in that area to either migrate, or just die. When the dead zones are formed by man, then they range larger- e.g. The Gulf of Mexico. These larger dead zones are extremely longer in duration. However in these cases, there is a steady supply of excess oxygen, which leads to extreme allege blooms. The allege will then die and sink down and its nutrients are consumed by said bacteria, as opposed to decomposing and feeding back into the environment. Garbage islands are a compilation of the worlds trash, with dead zones though, they are primarily at fault from the country that it resides in. Typically, these are usually farming coun tries. In the Pacific Ocean, there is a floating garbage patch twice the size of Texas (The Great Pacific Garbage Patch), our biggest state. We are putting our marine life and ourselves in danger, exposing ourselves to too much pollution. Most people have heard the term; garbage islands at some point or another. The image that the majority portray, however, is incorrect. The sun continues to break down plastic particles, they continue to shrink into the size of fish, that are mistaken for food. When plastic is broken down, it releases toxins, which are then absorbed by plants and microorganisms. These plants and microorganisms then become contaminated, which are consumed by larger creatures that bring the toxins straight to us. Sea animals commonly often consume the plastic, which does not digest, leading to a full sensation, in which the creatures do not eat their proper food and die, due to malnutrition or starvation. Suffocation is another big problem with the plastic, the one that most associate with the plastic rings that come with packs of drinks. he reasoning behind the garbage conjoining and mass forming is mostly caused from the fact that, most of the trash accumulated is not biodegradable. Since oceans are international waters, there is no blame on any one country or nation, with that being said, not one country or nation feels obligated to take responsibility, or take action. (National Geographic 2014). Even though, this conflict raises problems for life ranging from humans, down to microplankton. The toxins that plastics release are polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), Phthalates, and Bisphenol-A, which are very harmful to our own health. They can cause many issues, especially to pregnant women and youth. These toxins, can be the cause of problems relating to; abnormal sexual development, asthma, infertility, and premature breast development (NOAA 2018). Marine debris is accumulated, and about sixty to eighty percent is plastic pollution. Marine debris sinks into the seabed, leading to marine creatures to consume it. Sea creatures have been opened up for studies, which have determined the ingestion of plastic by sea creatures is increasing dramatically (Derraik 2002). One simple step we can take to trying to eliminate the most plastic as possible, is to handle our plastic bags with more care. Plastic bags are altering the marine habitats and polluting our food chain. Many grocery stores offer reusable bags that customers are more inclined to use, which are safer for our environment. Especially in states like California, where plastic bags are not offered for free any more in most major grocery stores. Another study that is also in the works- researchers are attempting to discover a way to revamp plastic bags to make them biodegradable and eco-friendly. A lot of us, myself included, choose plastic over paper when asked at the store. Theyre just easier and provide many purposes after its initial use, the problem is we are just disposing of them properly. There are numerous organizations who raise awareness and do their part the best they can to help. In 2007, San Francisco banned single-use plastic bags at stores. Almost 90% of all litter is plastic, we must be held more accountable for ourselves, and society as a whole to pick up our trash and properly recycle it. So the ocean covers seventy-five percent of our Earth, and holds ninety-seven percent of our water, which is undrinkable salt water, unless filtered. In the remaining three percent of Earths water, ?†¦Ã¢â‚¬  is stuck in glaciers, and ice-caps. Twenty percent of the remaining third of fresh water, is used for industrial use and irrigation (Worldometers 2018). Our oceans actually absorb our bodys carbon dioxide that is released and accounts for one hundred and twenty-eight billion dollars of the Gross Domestic Product (The Nature Conservancy 2014). The ocean provides ingredients, and nutrients found in many of our medicines. Already, our water sources are finite. So taking that into consideration, we should be doing everything we can to conserve what we have, or at the very least, prevent our abundant source from being ruined by our own doing. Plastic producers should be held at a higher standard to make a greater effort to innovate new and improved products that are safer for ou r oceans. We also need to eliminate our littering, properly recycle and dispose of waste, and just overall limit our plastic usage. Pollution is slowly tearing away at our most important natural resource. Pollution also poses negative effects on our economy as we, along with other countries, have to pay for the expenses to clean our oceans. Millions of dollars are already being spent in attempt to restore and protect affected zones (NOAA 2016). It is vital for these tasks to be complete, otherwise serious issues can arise for boats when they are transporting goods. This can also be looked at as a negative, or a con, considering all that cost for only a small area, which still doesnt 100% fix the lying issue. If measures were taken beforehand, however, the damage would cost tremendously less. That also applies to future instances and taking matters into our own hands now, while the crisis is still considered manageable. So much money, time, and effort goes into our sea life research, and still we have only discovered a mere five percent of what lies beneath the water. There are many dangers that come with researching at such high-pressure and low depths. The ocean is responsible; for supplying water, being a home to wildlife, and providing a food supply, along with other essential ingredients we use in vaccines medicine. Pollution is a never ending problem that continues to plague us and only gets worse each day. Its gotten to a point of no return, but it is never too late to try and implement change. If we all focus on being better ourselves- whether it just be civilian and picking up after ourselves, or in our related jobs, it would be tremendously easier to keep track and manage the mess we have already created. The first thing to do before anything, is to educate ourselves,

Free Market Or Government Intervention - 1224 Words

Muhammad Zharfan Bin Azhari Human Systems Paper 2 April 16, 2015 Free Market or Government Intervention In the 21st century, human and technologies are inseparable. In past decades, there has been an astonishing amount of development in modern world’s technology. Nanotechnology is one of them. This technology is based on nano-scale and it can be used in many different areas because of its small sizes. (Metchis). However, there is a huge amount of uncertainties on the hazards of nanomaterial due to lack of research in this field in real world applications. There is a lot of things that need to be study on this technology. For this technology to be considered fully developed there is an immediate need for a balance between a free and unregulated market with some involvement from the government because both systems have its own strengths and weaknesses that will be discussed further. Free-market. This term has always been debated by economist for its pros and cons. In the free market, the buyer and the seller has freedom in doing their businesses. There will be no rule or any sort of regulations that been set by any authoritative body to intervene with their businesses. This type of situation is needed in the technology development business. Companies and firms can spread their wings and expand their research and development (RD) department without government intervention that could disturb their growth. Government organizations have always been associated with biasedShow MoreRelated Government Intervention in the Free Market Essay1125 Words   |  5 Pages It is not only unnecessary for the government to intervene to maintain a free market, it is extremely wrong. Intervention by any outside party in corporate matters is inappropriate and basically contradicts the meaning of a free market. There are some positive effects government intervention could produce. These pros are, in fact, few, and questionable, at that. Take for instance, the situation with Microsoft. The government is sticking its nose in where it doesnt belong. Lets try and get passedRead MoreFree Market Essay803 Words   |  4 Pages Free Market System in Belize According to the Investopedia, ‘a free market system is a market economy based on supply and demand with little or no government control. It is a completely free market in which buyers and sellers are allowed to transact freely based on a mutual agreement on price without Government intervention in the form of taxes, subsidies or regulation’. Therefore, the free market system is good for Belize. Belize positively benefitsRead MoreAnalysis Of The Article Corporations Versus The Market, Or Whip Conflation Now, By Roderick T. Long Essay1450 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction In the article â€Å"Corporations versus the Market; or, Whip Conflation Now,† Roderick T. Long argues that, there is a misconception between both the defenders of the free market and the critics of libertarianism. To explain, those who believe in the misconception think that the libertarian society is aligned with the capitalism society. However, this misconception prevents them from observing how corporations pervert and twist a natural free market. Ultimately, he argues that there can only existRead MoreAnalysis Of The Article Corporations Versus The Market, Or Whip Conflation Now, By Roderick T. Long1449 Words   |  6 PagesIn the article â€Å"Corporations versus the Market; or, Whip Conflation Now,† Roderick T. Long argues that, there is a misconception between both the defenders of the free market and the critics of libertarianism. To explain, those who believe in the misconception think that the libertarian society is aligned with the capitalist society. Howe ver, this misconception prevents them from observing how corporations pervert and twist a natural free market. Ultimately, he argues that there can only exist anRead MoreEssay on Battle of Ideas893 Words   |  4 Pagesexplains how the world first moved toward more government control and then began to move away for most of the 20th century. During this time two young economists emerge in hope to solve the world’s economic troubles, John Meynard Keynes and Friederich Von Hayek. The story then focuses on the struggles that occur between the ideas of the two economists. Keynes, whose ideas on government intervention dominated much of the 20th century, and Hayek, whose free-market ideas were largely ignored until the economicRead MoreMilton Friedman s Capitalism And Freedom Essay1727 Words   |  7 Pagesincompatible with democracy (8). Thus, he advocates for a capitalistic society in the United States. Friedman provides many reasons to support his claim, but his main is that coercion is â€Å"the fundamental threat to freedom† (15). He holds that excessive government regulation infringes on the rights of individuals to enter economically-beneficial agreements with others and, thus, reduces the voluntary coordination among the population. This is of paramount importance as â€Å"coordination is needed to take fullRead MoreThe State Hampering Of A Capitalist Economy Essay1707 Words   |  7 Pageswas against state intervention and believed in the neoliberalist movement, which meant that firms would are able to privatize their businesses and still trade in free markets. Hayek identifies that capital theory â€Å"was an area where he found that the coordinating processes of the market were underappreciated† and that the â€Å"evolved institutions and market competition as irreplaceable means for social coordination† (White, 1999, pg. 753-4). Despite Hayek’s claims of state intervention, it has been provedRead MoreGovernmen t Intervention And Its Effect On Foreign Markets Essay1310 Words   |  6 Pagesdecision to expand into foreign markets, careful considerations must be given to some keys factors such as the political and economic environment, costs, benefits and risks. The economic environment can alter from one country to another, this is why they are often divided into three different categories. The more developed, the less developed and the emerging economies. In addition to the level of development of the economy, countries are often classified as free market, where business activities areRead MoreThe Impact of Technology on the US Economy: The Development of Nanotechnology1725 Words   |  7 Pagesthe free market mechanism or government intervention and promotion (industrial policy) works to effectively manage technological development. John F. Sargent, specialist in science and technology policy, comments that Libertarians, free market advocates, believe that limited government intervention allows the market to flourish with promising opportunities and become more efficient in managing the nanotechnology sector (Sargent, 21). On the other hand, some economists believe that government interventionRead MoreThe Role Of Government And Foreign Trade Policies Essay1588 Words   |  7 PagesThe role that Government should play in trade policy has been long debated over the years and is constantly changing to keep up with the needs and wants of a country. International trade policies are vital to any countries prosperity, and more specifically the economic development. Trade Policy is a set of rules and guidelines that determine how a country acts towards another in regards to trade and global business whether it be through free-trade or protectionism. The Governments role in trade policies

China †the aims and effects of the one child policy Free Essays

A variety of social policies aimed at controlling population change have been established around the world. But in this answer I will be evaluating a very controversial example of a policy that aimed to tackle rapid population growth by reducing fertility rate (also known as anti-natalist) – China’s One-Child Policy. During the second half of the twentieth century, the Chinese government became concerned about the population growth; this is mainly due to the philosophy of the government under Chairman Mao, in the mid-twentieth century, which was that ‘a large population gives a strong nation’ and so the government encouraged people to have more and more children. We will write a custom essay sample on China – the aims and effects of the one child policy or any similar topic only for you Order Now This consequently led to an increase in population of 55 million every year and a famine in 1962 which caused nearly 30 million deaths. This massive growth in population forced a policy change in 1974, in order to avoid a Malthusian-type disaster in the future (The theory that population increases more rapidly than the food supply leading to famine and, inevitably, death). It encouraged the country to reduce the birth rate by the slogan ‘wan-xi-shao’ which called for later marriages, longer gaps between children and fewer children. However, this policy was not effective enough, and the population continued increasing and did not follow the pattern of the DTM (demographic transition model). This then led the government to introduce the one-child policy in 1979, which set strict limits on the number of children that a couple were allowed to have. In order to further enforce this policy; strong pressure was put on women to use contraceptives (e.g. contraceptive pills) which were more widely available. Special family planners and ‘granny police’ were introduced in order to make sure that women were practising contraception and were instructed to report any pregnancies. The government also introduce incentives like; free healthcare and education for one child and then fines for more than one child. Also, more controversially, enforced late abortions and sterilisation became common, which mainly human rights activist heavily criticised and opposed. However, the policy had very negative effects on the country. Firstly, it led to female infanticide; where couples preferred sons, and baby girls were killed so they could have another chance of getting a boy. This occurred more often in rural areas, where there was less control from the government, and also where traditions were most important. This was mainly because male descendents were preferred as they can carry on the family name from generation to generation. This male dominance led to an imbalance in male to female sex ratio, where the number of men far exceeded that of men. This then further lowered fertility rates as there weren’t enough women ‘to go round’. As well as an imbalance in the sex ratio, where was also an imbalance in the age ratio, as the policy vastly increased the dependency ratio and the country suffered from an ageing population. This was mainly due to the ‘4-2-1’ situation, which meant that ‘1’ child had to look after their ‘2’ parents and ‘4’ grandparents all at the same time and because of the increasing life expectancy. The policy also led to social implications on the child itself, such as the spoilt ‘little emperor’ syndrome where the attention of the family fell on one child. It is also suggested that it had a negative effect on the child’s social skills, as they grew up with no other siblings, therefore found it harder to integrate into society and led to poor communication skills. However, from 1990 onwards, the policy was slightly relaxed in order to combat some of the problems. For example, only-child couples were allowed to have two children, in order to relieve some of dependency on the children and also because they were concerned about the economic implications of an ageing population. In addition, the policy became harder to enforce for reasons such as the revolution in global communication and socialisation, which opened up the country to much greater social influence from the west. However, in more remote parts of the country, the policy is still encouraged. For example, the authorities in Guangdong (state capital) order 20,000 abortions and sterilisations by the end of 2001. Despite all of the negative implications, the decrease in overall population growth has had some positive effects, such as the positive economic growth. This was mainly due to the major decrease in demand for resources to support the needs of the population, which in turn led to a reduction in the stress placed upon the environment. There was also a drop in unemployment due to labour surplus and more disposable being available due to less money being spent on children. In conclusion, I believe that the one-child policy was a very brutal policy that disregarded the basic human rights of people and that a more gentle approach should have been taken. However, there is no argument that population management was inevitable in order to maintain a high standard of living, and that the one-child policy has avoided a Malthusian-type disaster (e.g. famine and war) and has better stabilised the population of China. This is because 400 million births were prevented and the annual growth rate had fallen to 0.6% as well. It is also clear that the policy is evolving for the better, as by 2006 the Chinese government moved towards a more health-orientated policy and committed itself to implement international agreements, promoting mother and child welfare. How to cite China – the aims and effects of the one child policy, Papers

Summary of Hot, Flat, Crowded by Thomas L. Friedman free essay sample

He then also argues that the United States can solve its own problems and help the entire planet, by becoming a world leader in green technology. Global warming, global flattening, and global crowding are the three main elements leading up to the five big problems which are energy supply and demand, petrodictatorship, climate change, energy poverty, and biodiversity loss. Global Warming~Hot: Global warming is the problem. There’s nothing to it plain and simple. The idea that the world is becoming â€Å"hot† which is an issue for the world as a whole. This is where Friedman believes that global warming could actually be a potential source of salvation for the United States, that green energy will be the next major advancement in global economies. The need for renewable energy technology and for technologies that will reduce the need for energy will increase substantially. This is where Friedman and I have the same idea that whichever country dominates the development and production of green technology will become or remain the strongest country in the world, now this is economically speaking. We will write a custom essay sample on Summary of Hot, Flat, Crowded by Thomas L. Friedman or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Friedman also hopes that the United States will develop a national strategy that will allow it to dominate this vial sector of the future economy. Globalized Economy ~ Flat: When Friedman says the world is â€Å"flat† he means the economy is increasingly globalized, which it is. The internet and other technologies as we all know have allowed many jobs especially those that pay well to be performed by workers just about anywhere in the world. There is a major downfall to this for the United States which is jobs can be outsourced to people who will do them as well as Americans can but for a shorter amount of money. Rapidly Increasing Populations ~ Crowded: The final problem is that the world has become â€Å"crowded† meaning the world is overpopulated and the global population is increasing by becoming middle-class. What does this mean? It means that as people achieve middle-class status, they will start to demand more and more material goods, thus the production of these goods uses even more resources. Crowding is a particular problem in the United States as we all know. Friedman says that the consumption of non-renewable resources tends to enrich oil-rich countries of the Middle East and thus threatening national security. Global warming, global crowding, and global flattening are the three main factors and as results there are five key problems and they are: Energy Supply and Demand: â€Å"Growing demand for ever scarcer energy supplies and natural resources† In the periods between the Industrial Revolution up until the twentieth century, there was an illusion most people believed in and that was that all the fossil fuels humanity was using for our transportation, buildings, heating, electricity, cooking, and other industrial purposes were completely never ending, inexpensive, and both climate and political use good. However, all this began to change when humanity woke up from this illusion right into reality. It was when we entered the Energy-Climate Era that we soon realized of fossil fuels being increasingly expensive, exhaustible, and are politically, environmentally, and climatically toxic because of all the CO2 being released into the atmosphere by the fossil fuels that we increasingly consume on a daily basis. What changed is that the economy became increasingly globalized and the world is becoming overpopulated and the global population is increasingly becoming middle class; all at a fast rate than we have anticipated. So basically when your economy is globalized and world population increases (flat plus crowded), there will be a global demand for food, energy, and natural resources which of course grew at a quick pace. Philip K. Werleger Jr. , who is a well-known energy economists who also wrote in the International Economy (September 22, 2007) stated that, â€Å"History may well repeat from 2001 to 2020 as China, India, and other countries move from developing to developed nations. Consumption can be expected to increase at a pace close to the rate of the economic growth in these nations, just as it did in Europe, Japan, and the United States following the Second World War† And he also stated that, â€Å"While these countries may, through efficiency measures be able to produce more GDP growth with less energy, the fact is that they are now involved in building massive amounts of new infrastructure and â€Å"that infrastructure is energy intensive. Many more people can suddenly or are or will be living the middle-class lifestyle and not to mention that they are demand-driven. These are the forces that are fueling the Energy-Climate Era. Larry Goldstein who is an oil export at the Energy Policy Research Foundation mentions â€Å"the pivotal year that told us we were in a new era in terms of global energy supply and demand was 2004. There were two major incidents that happened that year and they were an increased demand for energy thanks to China’s growth and all the spare crude, product, and refining capacity all disappeared. Following this are three reasons such as a shortage of skilled petroleum engineers, drilling equipment’s as well as other equipment’s in the oil industry which makes expanding the oil production very difficult. Second, many countries have kicked out foreign oil producers in order to pump more oil themselves – this is exactly what the Middle East and Russia have done. This action basically discouraged the professional experienced global oil companies there and also reduced the production of oil in general. Finally, many western nations as well as America have limited the amount of acreage they were willing to offer for conservative reasons. Not only did oil prices began to soar but to there is also oven more demand for natural resources. In general, we are running out and/or a shortage of many resources such as steel, contractors, and engineers. One important factor you have to keep in mind is that with an increase in fuel prices results in an increase on agriculture which then results in an increase of grocery prices due to countries allocating more land for biofuels like ethanol so that they can be less dependent on oil. Overall, this is what happens when the world becomes both flat and crowded. Petrodictatorship: â€Å"Massive transfer of wealth to oil-rich countries and to their petro dictators† When I hear the word petrodictatorship, I come to think of those very rich Arabs, with their flowing robes and turbans on their heads who hail from oil-rich producing Middle Eastern countries such as Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Iran, and other Persian Gulf states. Petrodictatorship involves a massive transfer of wealth from energy-consuming countries to energy-producing countries which amounts to hundreds of billions of dollars a year, and the price of oil soaring at great heights. These massive amounts of wealth go directly to the hands of nondemocratic leaders preferably dictators and this is a major trend in these oil-rich producing countries. Climate Change: â€Å"Disruptive Climate Change† The rise of earth’s average temperature has caused many natural disasters such as Hurricane Katrina back in 2005 or the tsunami that hit Japan last year. The reason all behind it is because CO2 stays in the atmosphere for several thousand years and the more CO2 that gets into Mother Nature’s system results in more catastrophic events from nature. As we enter the Energy-Climate Era we are leaving the perceived ideas of manageable and reversible effects of climate change such as conventional pollution, acidic rain, ozone depletion, and etc. However, as we leave that era and enter an era where we finally start to realize that these effects are becoming more and more unmanageable and irreversible. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change also known as the IPCC report told us that Hurricane Katrina gave us a sample of what unmanageable climate change could look like in the near future, when the city of New Orleans was smashed by Katrina many climatologists believed this was due to global warming. All of this is due to all the greenhouse gas emissions we humans use on a daily basis. Rajendra Pachauri who is the chairman of IPCC stated, â€Å"If there is no action before the year 2012, then it is too late. What we do in the next three years will determine our future. This is the defining moment. One must keep in mind that there is an enormous difference between a two degree temperature rise and a five degree temperature rise says Peter Gleick who is the cofounder and president of the Pacific Institute for Studies in Development, Environment, and Security. Energy Poverty: â€Å"Electricity haves and Electricity have-nots† Electricity is important in our time because o f the world increasingly becoming hot, flat, and crowded; there will also be more demands for electricity as electricity provides a wide-range of necessities such as connection to the internet and lighting. Staying connected to the internet through electricity lets you compete, connect, and collaborate both locally and globally; however, without electricity you cannot do any of these tasks. One of the many benefits of a computer is forecasting weather, which is a great tool to keep track and indicate climate changes so that one may prepare him/herself for any climate changes. Also, electricity helps you desalinize water, drill deeper wells, or use power tools to build dams and higher walls. So, there we go, we have two types of groups: first, those who cannot afford electricity or the electricity have not’s and second, those who can afford electricity or the electricity haves. Since the world is crowded, there will be a higher percentage of group two which are the electricity have not’s. Biodiversity Loss: â€Å"Plants and animals become extinct at record rates† The rapidly accelerating biodiversity loss is a major problem to our planet in general. Ever since we humans began to develop our economies, build more roads, extract natural resources, overfish, and become more and more urbanized at a very fast pace, we have come to destroying natural habitats, coral reefs, natural ecosystems, open land, spoiling rivers with toxic waste, and destroying habits thus causing the extinction of many species due tour â€Å"productive† activities. Methods Author uses: The author, Thomas L. Friedman uses a different method to write his book by splitting the book into two sections which I believe the second section is the real important part of the book and the first one is not that nteresting but informational. The first section of the book talks about all the obvious problems we face today such as pollution and energy issues. The second section is where Friedman gives us an insight of possible solutions and successfully argues the business case for going green. Looking back into the past, the United States was the leader in the manufac turing business and then the information age that followed, so how come we are not leading the green age? This is America’s chance to be a leader for a third time by taking advantage of this great opportunity of starting a green revolution within America first and then take it on from there. America has lost their attention by its many wars on terror and other third world countries and strayed away from global leadership. However, if we do not act now others will take that chance for us which makes us join the bandwagon when it is already a little too late. Developing a system in which we preserve our natural assets because the degradation of these assets will and is directly affecting the quality of our lives. Friedman mentions that each preservation system will need to be different depending on the local environment and to this there are six main components. First, is that the national government policies need to set aside areas for conservation and other areas for development. Second, is to have economic opportunities for the local community to thrive without harming the local biodiversity. Third, is have investors with an interest in keeping the biodiversity intact and make profits. Fourth, is having a local government who is able and willing to preserve and protect the areas. Fifth, is have experts with the ability to do biodiversity assessment to assess which areas should be protected and lastly educational programs for the people so it is less necessary to plunder the natural world around us. Code Green: This is Friedman’s proposed plan and solution to the dilemmas we now face. Code Green basically highlights the need for a whole new system to power our economy, keep our planet clean, and making our living styles much better. It is about how we need to replace and get rid of the â€Å"dirty fuel† with something more fresher and green wise. There are three main components to plan A also known as Code Green and they are clean energy, energy efficiency, and conservation. Also keep in mind that Code Green is plan A and there is no plan B. * Clean Energy: We need to replace the dirty fuel we are now using with something that is much cleaner, sustainable, cheap, and abundant. * Energy Efficiency: Since clean energy will not be here any time soon, we need to at least reduce the demand and usage of fossil fuels that are emitting CO2 into our ozone layer and causing global warming and climate changes. * Conservation: We need to change our lifestyles into something that is much greener and finally taking responsibility for the earth. Using less fossil fuels and other toxic products so that it can stall the ever growing problem of global warming, ozone depletion, acidic rain, and etc. Green Technology: Going green or thinking green is much more than a clean energy movement because it has to be a way of life; a new lifestyle that is. As for China who is growing tremendously and becoming industrialized at a very fast rate, needs to learn how to adopt new standards very soon. The Chinese needs to focus on being green right now and not worry about it later as they only focus on industrialization. Friedman suggests that the citizens of china should stand up for their basic right to breath in clean air since the government only focuses on putting a greater emphasis on the industrialization than being green. Green Revolution: Friedman clearly outlines the governmental policies that we will need to shed more light on the green revolution. The green revolution is a revolution of simply being green, changing the way we live, taking care of the planet we live in, and becoming smart when using technologies. He also stresses of the fact for needing a green revolution, that the citizens need to demand a green revolution, and that we also need a new generation of politicians who understand the need for a green revolution and will act upon it. Chapter Three: Our Carbon Copies (or, Too Many Americans)   This chapter begins with the portrayal of two examples of foreign cities which have rapidly transformed into American-like mega cities. One is Doha, Qatar, and the other is Dalian, China. Both are described as having high populations and massive amounts of infrastructure which have been built in response to consumer demand for technological products. Due to high levels of Carbon Dioxide pollution over a very short period, overpopulation, and industrial presence, these two cities have become hot, flat, and crowded. In the country of India, the presence of technological change and their niche of the last several years, the majority of the population has risen out of poverty to a life style of commuter traffic. Chapter Eight: Green is the New Red, White and Blue There is an importance in which all of the problems already discussed, such as the human race, or being the first nation stepping up and making a change, moving forward and leading an existence which is less harsh on the planet. We the citizens of the world need a new clean energy system as of right now; one that can reduce and eventually eliminate our carbon mess. We can no longer hide the major and sickening changes around us and there is no clear reason for anyone to turn the blind eye. The new â€Å"green lifestyle that is necessary presents the companies who pioneer the movement with great opportunities as well. It also equates to â€Å"economic, political, innovative, and reputational power† for the nation who embraces this challenge and identity (Friedman, 212). An old way of viewing individuals who care about the preservation of the environment is to refer to them with the negative terms â€Å"tree-hugger† or â€Å"hippie. † This view was popular with those who were progressive in terms of our industrial progress and goals of the last century. It is time for this way of thinking to yield to a new green movement, which Friedman adores the title â€Å"code green. Friedman wants his audience to understand that â€Å"green is the new red, white, and blue. † Chapter Ten: The Energy Internet~ When IT meets ET Chapter ten describe what real clean energy implementation would be like. The energy systems of old which are still being utilized were never designed with anyone’s wellbeing or efficiencies in mind. Instead they were designed to be efficient for the com panies who administer them to install and to yield profit. Obviously this system is outdated and represents a time when no one cared about how much coal we used and still use, or where the toxic emissions go. In the future we will need smarter technologies that respond to changes in electrical demand, rather than continually running inefficiently. By changing core IT hardware such as hard drives and other infrastructure currently utilized, we can dramatically lower our energy usage—energy which we will use more wisely and efficiently. Chapter Eleven: The Stone Age Didn’t End Because We Ran Out of Stones Chapter thirteen sends us the message that we need to act very quickly. We simply cannot wait until we run out of a given resource to worry about how to fulfill its place. Instead we need to innovate. Innovating something that is much greener, sustainable, and cleaner would be the item of choice. Therefore, we cannot regulate our use of fossil fuels, or how these fossil fuels are refined and the outcome of the final product. We need to open our eyes and look farther into the future instead of looking down on our feet. Chapter Fourteen: Out Greening Al-Queda (or, Buy One, Get Four Free) Going green or thinking green is more than a clean energy movement; people need to understand that it is a way of life. Using a lot less of energy and are sustainable off of a lot less than for example, Friedman states that the United States military, which is dependent on a lot of energy, derived from use of fossil fuels. This dependence limits the military’s ability to react quickly and helps determine the limits of what they can do and where they can do it. For the United States military to maintain power and to reflect upon our status of power as a nation, they must adapt to green technologies that are more practical such as solar power. Overall we need to change our habits and ways. Conclusions drawn by author: In his book Hot, Flat, amp; Crowded, Friedman mostly focuses on the problems and remedies of global warming. However, Friedman also identifies and gives detail descriptions and solutions of major problems facing the world, of which global warming the greatest. In the very final chapter, Friedman focuses on the businesses and technologies that we will be using to make the green revolution both come alive and work. In the eighteenth chapter of Friedman’s book, he advices the United States to come up with a green plan to make drastic changes in the near future. In others quit with all these â€Å"researches† and take action for once. His main argument is that the United States and the world could solve its own problems and help the entire world. But the question is what are we waiting for? Examples of how book relates to class: One of the most interesting elements out of Friedman’s work is its recasting of geography. The idea of geography used to encompass vast distances of worlds that are known. There was a sense of the separate that encompassed geographic study such as â€Å"X was here† and â€Å"we are there. However, Friedman recasts this in a variety of ways. Initially, because of the vast progression of information technology and the massive proliferation of technological contact between people, there is a growing interconnectedness between people and nations. Geography is being seen as a more â€Å"closely† defined realm, whereby distance is not the focal point, but rather the togetherness is shared. Geog raphic distances are now only seen as a source of amazement as to how our world is actually smaller. Borders are only made to be overcome. At the same time, geography has changed in emphasizing the interdependence that is present. In emphasizing how connected all individuals really are, Friedman makes the point that geography has to focus on how destruction of resources in one area of the overcrowded world impacts others nearby. In this recasting of geography; closeness over distance is emphasized. Personal Reaction: My personal reaction was two things the first was fascination because of how Friedman connects environmental issues and ties that into the globalization of our world. How he talks about the problems such as global warming or over population and then delivers a detail description of what he thinks is the possible solutions. Friedman is very straight through and gives hardcore evidence of the many dilemmas we humans face as well as Mother Nature. Second, I was surprised as to how much trouble this generation is in and I have to say at first I didn’t believe Friedman, thought it was some fictional scientific report; however, that was not the case. The case was that everything Friedman mentions was and still is true and he backs that up with plenty of facts from numerous sources. Honestly, I believe Friedman is one of the most brilliant people around because of his foresight to use facts from where we have been, where we currently are, and were we are heading. Upon completing this book, it has left me with an insight of the perils we face yet that we must make a change right now and take action. References: Friedman, Thomas L. Hot, flat, and crowded 2.0: Why we need a green revolutionand how it can renew America. Macmillan, 2009. Kalpakjian, Serope, and Steven R. Schmid. Manufacturing engineering and technology. Ed. KS Vijay Sekar. Upper Saddle River, NJ, USA: Pearson, 2014. Chen, B. K., P. F. Thomson, and S. K. Choi. Temperature distribution in the roll-gap during hot flat rolling. Journal of materials processing technology 30.1 (1992): 115-130. Sparling, L. G. M. Formula for ‘Spread’in Hot Flat Rolling. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers 175.1 (1961): 604-640. Ward, S. H., et al. A summary of the geology, geochemistry, and geophysics of the Roosevelt Hot Springs thermal area, Utah. Geophysics 43.7 (1978): 1515-1542. Kim, Sung Joong, et al. Surface wettability change during pool boiling of nanofluids and its effect on critical heat flux. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 50.19 (2007): 4105-4116.